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Decentralized Wastewater Treatment System

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A decentralized wastewater system(DEWATS) is an onsite or cluster wastewater system which utilized for treating small volumes of wastewater. These wastewater originates from individual or groups of dwellings and businesses that are located relatively close to each other.

The size of decentralized wastewater treatment system (DEWATS) can range from individual onsite system that serves one household to shared facility that serves upto five to ten households or public facility for several households. The distance of wastewater treatment from the source of generation of wastewater depends upon many considerations one of which is the reuse of treated wastewater.

Since the distance between the collection point of wastewater area and the origin point is less, therefore, elaborate collection system and equipment is avoided thereby reducing cost. The other most important aspect of this system is that the construction of this whole system is not capital intensive. Water treated can be used in following areas:

Landscape irrigation
Toilet flush supply
Cooling tower makeup etc.

The reuse of treated water again make this whole system cost efficient. The cost of distribution is reduced by distributing the water throughout the service area closer to points of potential reuse.

Treatment Technologies

Normally low maintenance treatment technologies are used for decentralized wastewater treatment system which are as follows:

Treatment through sedimentation process and primary treatment in septic tanks, sedimentation ponds, biogas digester's and Anaerobic ponds.

Treatment using secondary anaerobic treatment in fixed bed filters or baffled septic tanks.

Tertiary and secondary aerobic or anaerobic treatment in constructed wetlands, ponds or shallow polishing ponds.

Technological Options for Decentralized Wastewater Treatment System (DEWATS)

To choose appropriate methods and technology for decentralized wastewater treatment system various considerations should be kept in mind like composition of wastewater, land availability, availability of funds and expertise etc. After going through all the considerations one can choose one or all of the following technological options.

Septic Tanks
Baffled Reactors
Anaerobic Filters
Constructed Wetland
Stabilization Pond System

Tags:- Decentralized Wastewater Treatment System, Decentralized Water Treatment Systems

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Water Treatment Plant

Decentralized Wastewater Treatment System