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Gas Generators

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An essential equipment for processing gas in all gas plants, a gas generator is actually a propellant mixture that burns to produce large volumes of gas. Gas generators provide an onsite supply of gas, humidity (water vapor) or vapor removing the requirement for delivery in gas cylinders, which can be bulky and may have special storage requirements. The basic purpose of gas generators is to provide a continuous supply of high purity gas from existing compressed air. Besides being used in gas plants, gas generators are used in a variety of applications like general industrial, general laboratory, wastewater treatment and disinfection, chromatography, odor control, air pollution and calibration.

The working process

The working mechanism is similar to a rocket propellant but designed specially to produce large volumes of cool gas. The low temperature in the generator allows the gas to be put to use more easily in many applications. The gas generator works on the principle of disassociation of water/moisture to produce ultra-high purity gas. All generators use a combination of filtration and molecular sieves to produce different gases suited to different instruments. There are different types of gas generators depending on the gas to be produced in the gas plant.

Gas Generation Technologies

Common gas generation technologies are as follows:

Exothermic
Endothermic
Cryogenic
Dissociation
Membrane or molecular sieve
Vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VPSA}
Water electrolysis or electrolytic

Types of gases produced by Gas Generators

Chlorine dioxide
Humidity or water vapor
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Ozone
Zero air

Technical specifications

There are several parameters to consider in specifying gas generators. They are as follows:

Concentration: Refers to the gas generated. Expressed in parts per million (ppm).
Purity: The purity of the gas is expressed as a percentage.
Flow rate: Refers to the flow out of the generator of the gas generated.
Inlet pressure: It is the maximum pressure of inlet gas that the generator can bear.
Outlet pressure: It is the maximum outlet pressure of the gas generated that the generator can bear.

Other features to consider are:

Portability
Overheat shutdown
Optional air compressors
Replaceable desiccant cartridges to provide minimum humidity
Some gas generators in addition to gaseous products may also produce liquid gas products.

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