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Electrical Fuse

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A fuse is used for protecting electrical devices and components from over currents and short circuits. A electrical fuse works by interrupting the flow of current through the melting of an internal element.

General specifications
Listed below are common specifications that apply to electric fuses are:

Fuse types: These include:

Miniature: These fuses are available in dimensions of 5x20mm and 6.3x32mm.
Subminiature or micro: Also known as micro fuses, these have very small dimensions (no principal dimension greater than 10 mm) and aresuitable for compact circuit board layouts.
Midget: These refer to fuses that have 13/32" diameter.
Automotive: These fuses are only used in automotive.
Blade type: These fuses are typically used in low voltage, high current applications.
PC board: These fuses are specifically used on PC boards.
Protective: These fuses are used for protecting secondary circuits or low voltage ICs.

Mounting: These include:

Solderable or surface mount
Solderable with leads
Replaceable with holder or clips

Performance Ratings
There are certain performance criteria that one must consider while selecting fuses. These are:

Voltage rating: It is the maximum voltage, up to which a safe fault current interruption will occur.

Current rating: It is the maximum continuous operating current of the circuit.

Rated breaking capacity: It is the short circuit current at which the fuse can blow without being destructed.

Interrupt rating: These can be high interrupt, medium interrupt, or low interrupt.

Performance Characteristics
There are certain performance characteristics that one must consider while selecting fuses. These are:

Fast acting: These fuses are used in circuits that have inrush currents or where the over current must be quickly interrupted.

Time lag: These fuses are used in circuits where high starting inrush currents occur and decay gradually.

Operating temperature of fuse is another environmental parameter that must be considered.

Material of construction: These include:

Ceramic
Sand
Glass

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