Chillies

Chillies are one of the largest traded spice in the international market. Chillies are also known as Red Chillies, Capsicum, Paprika depending on the species and variety. This spice is extensively used for food flavoring and coloring and also for certain medicinal properties. Red Chillies are available in a number of varieties, colors and fragrances.

 

Indian Name: Lal Mirch
Botanical Name: Capsicum annum L., Capsicum frutescens L.
Family Name: Solanaceae
Parts Used: Fruit
Habitat: Mexico, Guatemala

 

Forms of Red Chillies

 

Global Chilly Production Centres

Trade in Red Chillies
1.Global Scenario
India is the largest producer and consumer of Red chillies. Till recently India had a considerable market share, but now the exports of chillies has declined owing to high domestic consumption. Trade in chillies accounts for 16% of the global spice trade. China has also emerged as one of the top most exporters of chillies. Japan is known for producing special kinds of chillies including San.taka, Hontaka etc.

 

2.Indian Scenario
India is the largest producer of a variety of red chillies and red chillies powder. Countries including USA, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh are the major importers of various forms of chillies. The high domestic consumption of the spice limits the export potential to a certain extent. India faces tough competition in terms of product pricing from Pakistan and China.

 

Uses of Red Chillies
1.Food Processing Industry
Dry chillies and red chillies powder are widely used for coloring and flavoring in different cuisines and dishes. It is also used as a major ingredient in various seasonings, pepper and tabasco sauce.

 

2.Food Coloring
Red chillies powder are also used for natural food coloring.

 

3.Medicine
Red chillies are used to control rheumatic disorders. It is also a good source of vitamin C.